Check whether a character is a vowel or consonant in C++

Understanding Vowels and Consonants

A vowel is a letter (a, e, i, o, u) that represents an open speech sound. A consonant is any other letter in the alphabet.

We will explore three different methods to check whether a character is a vowel or consonant in C++.

Method 1: Using if-else

This method checks if the character belongs to the set of vowels.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void checkVowelOrConsonant(char ch) {
    if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u' ||
        ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'U') {
        cout << ch << " is a vowel" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << ch << " is a consonant" << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    char ch;
    cout << "Enter a character: ";
    cin >> ch;
    checkVowelOrConsonant(ch);
    return 0;
}
            

Method 2: Using Switch Case

This method uses a switch case to determine if the character is a vowel.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void checkVowelOrConsonant(char ch) {
    switch (ch) {
        case 'a': case 'e': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u':
        case 'A': case 'E': case 'I': case 'O': case 'U':
            cout << ch << " is a vowel" << endl;
            break;
        default:
            cout << ch << " is a consonant" << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    char ch;
    cout << "Enter a character: ";
    cin >> ch;
    checkVowelOrConsonant(ch);
    return 0;
}
            

Method 3: Using Recursion

This method checks vowels recursively.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

bool isVowel(char ch) {
    return (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u' ||
            ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'U');
}

void checkVowelOrConsonant(char ch) {
    if (isVowel(ch)) {
        cout << ch << " is a vowel" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << ch << " is a consonant" << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    char ch;
    cout << "Enter a character: ";
    cin >> ch;
    checkVowelOrConsonant(ch);
    return 0;
}